Founded in 1901, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is one of the oldest physical science laboratories in the United States. Its mission is to improve the quality of life and the productivity of American industries through science and technology. NIST is located in Gaithersburg Maryland and is part of the United States Department of Commerce. The NIST staff collaborates with federal agencies to develop standards and metrics that will improve productivity, economic security, and facilitate trade. NIST is an important partner in improving the U.S.'s industrial competitiveness as well as quality assurance.
NIST's mission is to improve the quality of life by advancing scientific and technical innovation, developing and maintaining national standards of physical measurement, and promoting the innovation of U.S. industries. NIST has two locations: Gaithersburg in Maryland and Boulder in Colorado. NIST not only develops standards and metrics but also conducts research to help build the technological infrastructure for the U.S.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), originally was created as a Metrology Agency. The Bureau of Standards was initially established to solve national problems in science and technology. A variety of industries were served by standards, including electronics as well as electrical safety and automobile brake systems. The Bureau of Standards had a manufacturing facility for optical glass and was involved in multiple issues during World War I.
NIST also provides standards, metrics, best practices, and guidelines for a wide range of industries such as electronics, computers and transportation. NIST provides assistance to industry in the development of procedures that will improve manufacturing production. NIST also produces Federal Information Processing Standards, known as FIPS. These standards are approved by Secretary of Commerce.
Journal of Research of National Institute of Standards and Technology published by NIST is also an official scientific journal. The Nature Index contains information about NIST's research outputs. NIST is currently North America's largest research center.
In 1988, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) was reorganized as NIST, a name that was intended to reflect the broad scope of NBS's mission. The Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1998, which was signed into law August 23, 1988, broadened the NBS's technical expertise and gave NIST new responsibilities. The law also explicitly confirmed traditional measurement services.
NIST will offer full service in measurement. It will also expand its technology assistance to extension services and coordinate state extension services with federal technology transfer programs. It will also work with an existing group of delivery partners to expand its reach. The program will also conduct workshops on technological issues to help ensure that NIST resources are used effectively.
NIST will continue to be a partner in the improvement of U.S. Industrial Competitiveness by supporting American industries with technology standards and best practices. NIST aids federal agencies in creating cost-effective programs. It places a strong emphasis on national security. While its recommendations do not have binding effect in the private sector they can be used as a guideline for federal agencies.
FAQ
How can manufacturing avoid production bottlenecks
Production bottlenecks can be avoided by ensuring that processes are running smoothly during the entire production process, starting with the receipt of an order and ending when the product ships.
This includes both quality control and capacity planning.
This can be done by using continuous improvement techniques, such as Six Sigma.
Six Sigma is a management system used to improve quality and reduce waste in every aspect of your organization.
It's all about eliminating variation and creating consistency in work.
What are manufacturing and logistic?
Manufacturing is the process of creating goods from raw materials by using machines and processes. Logistics manages all aspects of the supply chain, including procurement, production planning and distribution, inventory control, transportation, customer service, and transport. As a broad term, manufacturing and logistics often refer to both the creation and delivery of products.
What are the essential elements of running a logistics firm?
To run a successful logistics company, you need a lot knowledge and skills. Good communication skills are essential to effectively communicate with your suppliers and clients. It is important to be able to analyse data and draw conclusions. You will need to be able handle pressure well and work in stressful situations. To improve efficiency, you must be innovative and creative. You must be a strong leader to motivate others and direct them to achieve organizational goals.
You must be organized to meet tight deadlines.
Statistics
- You can multiply the result by 100 to get the total percent of monthly overhead. (investopedia.com)
- In the United States, for example, manufacturing makes up 15% of the economic output. (twi-global.com)
- According to a Statista study, U.S. businesses spent $1.63 trillion on logistics in 2019, moving goods from origin to end user through various supply chain network segments. (netsuite.com)
- According to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), China is the top manufacturer worldwide by 2019 output, producing 28.7% of the total global manufacturing output, followed by the United States, Japan, Germany, and India.[52][53] (en.wikipedia.org)
- It's estimated that 10.8% of the U.S. GDP in 2020 was contributed to manufacturing. (investopedia.com)
External Links
How To
How to use the Just-In Time Method in Production
Just-in-time (JIT) is a method that is used to reduce costs and maximize efficiency in business processes. It's a way to ensure that you get the right resources at just the right time. This means that you only pay for what you actually use. Frederick Taylor first coined this term while working in the early 1900s as a foreman. He observed how workers were paid overtime if there were delays in their work. He realized that workers should have enough time to complete their jobs before they begin work. This would help increase productivity.
JIT is an acronym that means you need to plan ahead so you don’t waste your money. It is important to look at your entire project from beginning to end and ensure that you have enough resources to handle any issues that may arise. You'll be prepared to handle any potential problems if you know in advance. You won't have to pay more for unnecessary items.
There are many types of JIT methods.
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Demand-driven: This type of JIT allows you to order the parts/materials required for your project on a regular basis. This will let you track the amount of material left over after you've used it. You'll also be able to estimate how long it will take to produce more.
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Inventory-based: This allows you to store the materials necessary for your projects in advance. This allows you to predict how much you can expect to sell.
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Project-driven: This method allows you to set aside enough funds for your project. Knowing how much money you have available will help you purchase the correct amount of materials.
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Resource-based: This is the most common form of JIT. Here you can allocate certain resources based purely on demand. You will, for example, assign more staff to deal with large orders. If you don't receive many orders, then you'll assign fewer employees to handle the load.
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Cost-based: This is similar to resource-based, except that here you're not just concerned about how many people you have but how much each person costs.
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Price-based: This is a variant of cost-based. However, instead of focusing on the individual workers' costs, this looks at the total price of the company.
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Material-based: This is quite similar to cost-based, but instead of looking at the total cost of the company, you're concerned with how much raw materials you spend on average.
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Time-based JIT: This is another variant of resource-based JIT. Instead of focusing on the cost of each employee, you will focus on the time it takes to complete a project.
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Quality-based JIT is another variant of resource-based JIT. Instead of looking at the labor costs and time it takes to make a product, think about its quality.
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Value-based: This is one of the newest forms of JIT. In this instance, you are not concerned about the product's performance or meeting customer expectations. Instead, you are focused on adding value to the marketplace.
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Stock-based: This is an inventory-based method that focuses on the actual number of items being produced at any given time. It is used when production goals are met while inventory is kept to a minimum.
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Just-in time (JIT), planning: This is a combination JIT/supply chain management. It is the process that schedules the delivery of components within a short time of their order. This is important as it reduces lead time and increases throughput.